An Investigation of Lifestyle Factors and Their Association with Obesity in Taraba State
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Background of the Study
Obesity has become a significant global public health concern, with increasing prevalence in both developed and developing countries. It is a major risk factor for various chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and musculoskeletal disorders (Okonkwo & Adeyemi, 2024). Lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep patterns play a crucial role in determining obesity risk (Adebayo & Tijani, 2024).
In Nigeria, obesity rates have been rising due to urbanization, changes in dietary habits, and reduced physical activity (Usman & Bello, 2024). Taraba State, with its mix of rural and urban populations, provides a unique case for studying obesity trends and the role of lifestyle factors. The increasing consumption of processed foods, reduction in physical activity, and socioeconomic changes have contributed to the growing obesity burden (Olaniyan et al., 2023).
Despite the increasing concern about obesity, there is limited research in Taraba State assessing the specific lifestyle factors contributing to obesity. This study aims to investigate the association between lifestyle factors and obesity in the state, providing insights for obesity prevention and health promotion strategies.
Statement of the Problem
Obesity rates in Nigeria, including Taraba State, are on the rise, leading to increased cases of associated health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (Adebayo & Tijani, 2024). However, there is a lack of research on the specific lifestyle factors that contribute to obesity in the region (Okonkwo & Adeyemi, 2024).
Many individuals in Taraba State are unaware of the impact of their dietary choices, physical activity levels, and sedentary behavior on their weight status (Usman & Bello, 2024). Without data-driven interventions, the obesity epidemic may continue to grow, placing further strain on the healthcare system. This study seeks to bridge this gap by analyzing lifestyle factors contributing to obesity in Taraba State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the prevalence of obesity in Taraba State.
2. To analyze the relationship between dietary habits, physical activity, and obesity.
3. To evaluate the influence of sedentary behavior and sleep patterns on obesity.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of obesity in Taraba State?
2. How do dietary habits and physical activity levels influence obesity?
3. What role do sedentary behavior and sleep patterns play in obesity development?
Research Hypotheses
1. There is a high prevalence of obesity in Taraba State.
2. Unhealthy dietary habits and low physical activity levels significantly increase the risk of obesity.
3. Sedentary behavior and poor sleep patterns are significantly associated with obesity.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on adults in Taraba State, examining their dietary habits, physical activity levels, and other lifestyle factors. Limitations may include reliance on self-reported lifestyle data and potential underreporting of obesity-related behaviors.
Definitions of Terms
• Obesity: A condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, typically measured by Body Mass Index (BMI).
• Sedentary Behavior: Activities that involve little physical movement, such as prolonged sitting or screen time.
• Dietary Habits: Patterns of food consumption, including meal frequency and nutrient intake.
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